Urethral cancer is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. This type of cancer can affect both men and women, but it is more common in men. Urethral cancer can spread to surrounding tissues and organs if not treated early. It may begin in different types of cells that line the urethra, including squamous cells, transitional cells, or glandular cells.